Thoughts on Architecture of Data Standards

The general purpose of data standards is to define semantics, structure and content rules of data in a data format for exchange between heterogenous systems. The result are defined Data-Documents (D) which confirm to a standard (often also called messages, but message already intertwines concept of content of a document and communication scenario).

It is very important to be clear about the business purpose for which D is designed. E.g. Billing, Ordering etc. of course much more well defined than here.

Additionally considerations which aspects of data lifecycle to consider:

Die Art und weise, wie auf die daten bezug genommen wird

  • data aquisition (here the the difference of starting to aquire billing data and finsihing the bill, may have severe impacts on design especially if pre-final versions have to be stored in D or even be exchangeable)
  • data manipulation
  • reporting
  • data analysis
  • archiving

e.g. should a billing data standard consider the acquisition (not at all time all data is available)? Will the data be manipulated ? In which way ?

Standard in action

Single Purpose Communication scenarios

Making clear which kind of communication scenarios a standard gets used informs general design principles.

D contains data for a single purpose.

sender (s) -D-> receiver (r)

Important

  • is the sender restricted to only send what is allowed and specified by a standard_
  • or can a sender add additional data elements to D?
  • Does the receiver has to accept/understand each single data element or is he allowed to focus on a subset of D?
  • Is receiver allowed to reject D under certain conditions?

The latter maybe called the bi-directional receiver rejects scenario. This will have some implications later.

Multi Purpose

Imposing scenarios

if sender and receiver have a bilateral agreement to develop and use a certain standard for their communication then

i = s = r

if only a little portion of all senders and receivers come to such agreement then it is not a standard as such. If almost all agree then this scenario is often implied when talk

Otherwise

   i
  / \
 s-> r

eu

   i
  / \
 ni1 ni2
 /    \
 s -> r

ni = national imposer

Last modified January 31, 2025: first thoughts (d1f47c4)